Which statement best describes Denial of Service attacks?

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are designed specifically to disrupt the normal functioning of a targeted server, service, or network by overwhelming it with a flood of traffic or requests. This results in legitimate users being unable to access the services or resources they need, effectively making those network services unavailable. The intention behind these attacks is not to gain unauthorized access or gather information, but rather to incapacitate the target and deny access to users.

The other options do not accurately convey the primary purpose of DoS attacks. Unlike unauthorized access methods or information gathering techniques, which focus on exploiting vulnerabilities to achieve specific goals, DoS attacks are fundamentally about disruption. Enhancing data encryption methods is unrelated to the intent of DoS attacks, which are focused on accessibility rather than security enhancement.